Performance analysis of a 1.5 MW organic Rankine cycle in a Carnot battery system for grid balancing services

Due to the increasing share of variable renewable energies in the energy mix, large-scale (>1 MW), long duration (>4 h) energy storage systems are becoming essential to ensure secure and stable energy supply. Carnot batteries, a combination of a power-to-heat, a thermal storage and a heat-to-power system, could provide a possible solution. Organic Rankine cycles have been considered as power-toheat technology for